Hamlet and Macbeth Compared as Aristotelian Tragedies Essay

Aristotle’s Poetics is often considered the blueprint to a successful tragedy; his outline has been used for hundreds of years. Aristotle defines a tragedy as â€Å"an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude†¦ in the form of an action, not of narrative; through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions† (House 82). Aristotle believed that the most important part of a strong tragedy was the plot, and from that, the other elements such as character, diction, etc. would emerge. Aristotle states, â€Å"the principle of tragedy – the soul, if you like – is the plot, and second to that the characters† (Whalley 27). Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Hamlet essentially mirror this definition. While it is true†¦show more content†¦Hamlet tackles the tragedy within a family, but Macbeth is written as a tragedy that occurs between friends and associates. While extremely ambitious to be king , at the opening of the play Macbeth is a loyal servant to King Duncan of Scotland. However, upon hearing a prophecy from the three witches that predicts his rise to the throne, an insatiable sense of ambition to succeed and wield power overwhelms the good nature of Macbeth. Aristotle describes this part of tragedy as, â€Å"the action is human, the energy is human†¦ the action is plotted and prepared by the maker† (Whalley, 23). This is evident when Macbeth utters to himself, â€Å"Let not light see my black and deep desires† making known his intentions to murder the king (Macbeth I.iii.52-53). His action is a premeditated response and is aggravated by his all too human emotions, ambitions and greed. After the action element of the story, the character is the next central component in a successful Aristotelian tragedy. According to Aristotle, the character must be true to life and natural; a character is supposed to be a perfectly related to the audience while remaining believable enough to hold their role in a production (House, 91). Hamlet is a wealthy and privileged prince; however, he deals with the problems similar to most common people. He is confused, emotional, obsessive, and paranoid about the circumstances surrounding the death of his father the king. He lacks faithShow MoreRelatedEssay Death of a Salesman, Tragic Hero. Willy Loman.1503 Words   |  7 Pagesform of a tragedy. Aristotle has defined his idea of the ‘perfect’ tragedy in his text, ‘Poetics’ (350 BC).Here he suggests that the protagonist must fall from an elevated social standing as a result of a â€Å"fatal flaw† within the character; the fall from the main character create s resolution to the play which is seen as just; finally, Aristotle identified that the action of the drama should take place within a 24hour timeframe. An ancient play which is believed to be the perfect tragedy is OedipusRead MoreA Summary On Tragedy 2914 Words   |  12 Pagesday, ‘Is tragedy (still) possible?’ Be specific in your definitions, and illustrate your points with examples drawn from class material and anything else you may find helpful. The Foundations of a Tragedy For centuries the only definition of tragedy available to critics was found through Aristotle’s Poetics. Rarely were the ideas of Aristotle challenged and his explanation of a tragic work established the format of tragedy. Aristotle was never questioned and thus his explanation of tragedy stood for

Demand and Supply Free Essays

Medical advances can range from witching over to Electronic Record keeping, to the use of Tell-health. The need for this is as diverse as the products and services themselves. One of the options that are currently available is home care. We will write a custom essay sample on Demand and Supply or any similar topic only for you Order Now As the baby boomer population ages, the elderly population will increase the demand for home health services due to financial and emotional factors. The continuum or availability of home care programs will be greatly needed in the present years to come. Supply Demand Factors Many factors contribute to the demand and supply of healthcare products and services. The concept of demand versus supply In home health care can never be testified. No one health care facility can meet all the demands of medical services. As individuals are living longer and hospital admittance costs seems to increase while providing quality care seems to decrease, consumers are seeking to manage chronic illnesses within the comfort of their own home. As the population ages we are seeing many Individuals coming down with diseases that are either not curable or that has ran Its’ course In the body and there Is nothing that can be done to prolong life. Hospice care Is palliative care given to Individuals who are terminally Ill, with an expected survival of six months or less. This is when this type of service is needed and many of individuals, especially the minorities do not know that these services exist either because they contribute this to high cost service or think that it is not covered by their insurance. Another factor contributing to an increase in demand for home healthcare services are advances in medical technology which make it possible to manage conditions in a home setting that would previously have required hospitalizing or the services of a skilled nursing facility. Consumers have easy access to home care services, they have a choice among providers, and consumers are currently selecting he best service based upon a variety of options. The range of those Interested In from moderate to severe. The many options available range from skilled nursing, Occupational [physical therapy, rehabilitative [social services and personal ODL assistance can be provided at within the confines on one’s home. Home health care helps prevent the need for higher-cost care. Home health care helps prevent the need for higher-cost care. Hospitals can reduce the cost and save on providing medical treatment and equipment items such as; medical professionals’ time, disposable syringes, catheters, and dressing changes and other supplies to treat the attain. â€Å"The problem in healthcare is that the consumer often pays little or nothing for services, despite the current reality of deductibles and co-payments. When this is the case, price stops being a factor in demand and demand increases to virtually unlimited levels† (Salesman, 2009, p. L). Economic Cost Nationally, the median hourly cost for homemaker services and home health aide services is $18 and $19, skilled nursing $40, TO APT $65-$75; administrators, $32, directors $38. Nationally the median annual cost for care in an assisted living facility by comparison, is $39,600. Nationally, Private nursing homes medium annual sectional cost, over the past five years, rose 4. 3 percent annually to $81 ,030. While the average home-care visit costs Medicare $150 per visit. The average hospital stay costs Medicare $1500. Medicare expenditures in 2008 totaled $324 billion, slightly more than 2. 2% of gross domestic product (GAP). Medicare home health covers about 3. 3 million beneficiaries resulting in $16. 5 billion in total Medicare payments in 2008 (SMS, Data Compendium, 2009). Access and Supply Consumers have easy access to home care services, they have a choice among providers, and consumers are currently selecting the best service based upon a rarity of options. The range of those interested in home care is vast. Depending upon the situation, the need for services can range from moderate to severe. The many services that are available range from skilled nursing, Occupational [physical therapy, rehabilitative [social services and personal ODL assistance. Other services consist of transportation, medical equipment such as diagnostic and incontinence supplies, diapers, gloves, bed covers, commodes, wheel chairs, lifts, meal programs, etc. , can be provided all within the confines on one’s home. Home health care helps prevent the need for higher-cost care. Most insurance’s, such as Medicare and Medicaid, cover the costs of many home care services. Consumers can seek out services through the referral of a Physicians approval. Once approved, consumers can begin to enjoy the many services available to help themselves regain independence of their physical abilities. Services will last until consumer is able to remain in a residence with assistance of primary caregiver/support from community agencies. Conclusion The United States aging population will require a lot more out of health care services than ever before, this is mainly due to the longer life span of the elderly with heroic illnesses. According to the U. S. Administration on Aging, by 2030 the number of Americans aged 65 and older will more than double to 71 million, that’s roughly 20 percent of the U. S. Population. In some states, as much as a quarter of the population will be aged 65 and older. Being that health care is on the verge of change, the certainty that these services will still exist in the near future remains order to fulfill the demand of elderly services the supply of home care organizations needs to expand to accommodate physical emotional and financial factors of these nonusers. How to cite Demand and Supply, Papers

Environment Due to Mining Industries

Question: Discuss about the Environment Due to Mining Industries. Answer: Impacts on Environment Due to Mining Industries Industrialization has the major part to contribute to the economic development of a nation and its prosperity. However, it is also a major cause of environmental degradation. There are various types of industries running in a nation which includes manufacturing, packaging, refining, dye industry, industrial dump sites, nuclear industry, and mining industry which includes mining operation related to different types of metals and materials such as gold, coal, and precious metals etc. Their environmental threat includes natural resources depletion, major climate changes resulting in global warming, acid rain, and degradation of land, hazardous wastes production, pollution of air, soil, and water. There are different mining industries for the extraction of Copper, diamond, gold, coal, and iron, which produces harmful pollutants in the air, soil, and water(Bendez-Quispe, Azaedo, and Hernndez-Vsquez, 2017). Water and soil contamination secondary to acid mine drainage (AMD) are a major conc ern for environmental safety worldwide. AMD is an underground mining waste of coal, which can cause problems related to land-use and it can stay for ten decades after termination of the mining industry and impacts nearby environments very badly. Due to the absence of disposal of waste water of mine, the ecology is being destroyed with increasing number of days. This coal mine frequently produces metalloids, metals, and acidic substances which affect the soil fertility, moisture, microbiological content, and health. They further lower the pH of water that results in mobilization and dissolution of metals from the coal deposits and thereby damaging the life of aquatic and the nearby vegetation. The disposal water of mine is utilized for irrigation on an occasional basis, which decreases the soil fertility due to the presence of coal slurry in the water. The problem of blasting in the area of the mining industry is affecting the houses present in the surrounding area secondary to shake and disturbance caused by it. The heavy metals emitted by various mining operations such as extraction, mining and strip mining are Hg (Mercury), Zn (Zinc), Cd (Cadmium), Pb (Lead), Cr (Chromium), and Ni (Nickel) (Huisman, Schouten, and Schultz, 2006). The tailings called as solid slurry causes contamination of soil and underground water due to leaching process. Refining of ores also uses caustic chemicals such as dangerous chemical cyanide, which can cause critical environmental and health damages. The mining operation also releases asbestos during the break of the material. The burning of coal releases toxic gases that include nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, and dust particles in the air results in acid rain and air pollution. By emitting the heavy metals such as manganese (Mn2+), zinc (Zn2+) and aluminium (Al3+) from coal mines, it is impacting the climate like monsoon season variation, precipitation, and another related condition associated with meteorology an d its outcomes is bad quality crops, flood, and undesirable climate changes(Dev, 2013). Mechanism of Entry of Pollution in the Environment The mining not only impacts the mine workers, but also the surrounding environment. The contaminants emitted from the industries include Hg, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni and others which destroy the helpful microorganisms present in the soil. The mining of nuclear materials leads to the dissolution of strong acid fluids in the rock beds, thereby posing risk to nearby ground water resources. It also causes noise pollution, and other health problems like a headache, sleeplessness, mental disturbance, and irritation. Brine mining causes damage to the storage tanks and pipelines, causing leaks and pollution of water bodies which further results in the plant growth inhibitions and death of aquatic animals (Hasan, Rashid, and Paul, 2015). Industrial pollutants contain toxins which result in the malfunctioning of natural purification (biological) resulting in water and soil borne diseases. Nuclear pollutants cause undesirable diseases secondary to its presence in food items taken by living beings. Lead is the reason of adult cardiovascular disease and results in the impaired neurological development. Chromium causes cancers and mercury damages the neurological function and the kidneys. Cadmium also is a cause of cancer and disease of kidneys. Asbestos results in cancers of lung and lung related illness. The chromium (Cr6) metal after absorption reduces itself to Crp3 which binds to skin proteins strongly and thereby causes various diseases like cancer of the lung, ulcers, damage to the brain, tissue-specific necrosis, emphysema, carcinoma, organoleptic problems, and pneumoconiosis (Cha and Stow, 2015). Iron is an essential element of diet, but lethal quantities of it secondary to mine effluents can cause cognitive impa irments (depression), cardiac and lung problems. Mining-related activities have caused insurmountable environmental threat which includes suffocation, sore throat, eye irritation, cough, pain in the chest, and sneezing. Deforestation is also the reason of leaching of chemicals inside the earth and its resources secondary to the erosion (Mining exposes Sudanese population to harmful pollutants, 2015). Measures to Control the Industrial Pollution There is evidence for the control measures taken by the mining industries to treat its wastes to minimize its environmental impact. Despite the presence of disposal systems for wastes produced by mining operations, there is still the presence of a large number of contaminants in it as the technologies and plant involved are not enough for the treatment of mine wastes. This results in the gradual increase of its concentration which changes with distance as compared to the point of generation. There is alarming need of taking action to mitigate mining effects as if it is not corrected, then the end cost for communities and government will be dreadful. Water usage can be minimized by conducting underground gasification than surface mining, which will help in lowering the amount of hazardous evaporation in the air. Phytoremediation can also be utilized to prevent the harmful effects of mining. This method uses few specific plants to destroy contamination of soil. However, the methods of land-farming (by the use of bulk nutrients and agents), biosparging (by the use of microorganisms) are also good for prevention of mining pollution. Buffering agents like (CO2 and HCO3-) and other chemicals like (lime, fertilizers) can be utilized to acid neutralization of water (AMD) and also of the soil. To control pollution of air and water, the mine water, which is delivered to the sedimentation pond, should be drained using natural drain to use it for suppression of dust. Similarly, the effluent of washery should be re-circulated through the slime and thickener ponds. To reduce air pollution, sprinkling and spraying of water are done to the roads of transport to decrease the generation of dust. The depressed surface created after mining should be rehabilitated by sealing the cracks and tree plantation which would help to reduce pollution to some extent(Pochechun, Arkhipov and Kuchin, 2017). The mining pollution can be prevented by improving the manufacturing efficiency for reducing the new minerals demand and by focusing on the use renewable energy resources. By reducing consumption of minerals as currently 80 tons of resources are needed yearly per person and comprises mining resources also (Petrov and Tanev, 2015). The pollution in the mining can be controlled by doing a proper assessment of environmental impact and future mitigation measure and it is followed by proper planning its post and pre-mining operations. The industry should have the legal grant to start its operation. The regulatory standard defined by government must be taken into consideration. Regular monitoring should be done to check its released substances and emissions in the surrounding. Remining should be done which includes mining in the previously mined region to manage environmental problems. Mining industry should sign a legal agreement to remedy any environmental damage caused by their activiti es. The objective of mission 2017s plan should be to increase greener mining, refining methods, recycling efforts, decrease the cost of damage to the environment, and increase the involvement of authority to regulate dirty mining operations(Mortensen, 2012). References Bendez-Quispe, G., Azaedo, D. and Hernndez-Vsquez, A. (2017). Gold mining and mercury contamination in Peru.Environmental Pollution, 220, p.752. Cha, Y. and Stow, C. (2015). Mining web-based data to assess public response to environmental events.Environmental Pollution, 198, pp.97-99. Dev, D. (2013). A Study on Mining Industry Pollution in Chapagaon, Nepal.Environment and Pollution, 2(4). Hasan, M., Rashid, H. and Paul, A. (2015). Environmental Impact of Coal Mining: A case study on Barapukuria Coal Mining Industry, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, 6(2). Huisman, J., Schouten, G. and Schultz, C. (2006). Biologically produced sulphide for purification of process streams, effluent treatment and recovery of metals in the metal and mining industry.Hydrometallurgy, 83(1-4), pp.106-113. Increasing Of Mining Activities At Bintan And Its Surrounding Islands Since 1990 2010 And Its Impact To The Coastal Ecosystem. (2015).Jurnal Segara, 10(1). Mining exposes Sudanese population to harmful pollutants. (2015).QScience Highlights. Mortensen, B. (2012). Mining and Pollution: Arctic Environmental Law in Greenland and the Mining Industry.The Yearbook of Polar Law Online, 4(1), pp.673-688. Petrov, N. and Tanev, A. (2015). Optimal control of natural resources in mining industry.International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 25(2), pp.193-198. Pochechun, V., Arkhipov, M. and Kuchin, V. (2017). Regulation of the Pollutants Content in Surface Waters under the Influence of Mining and Smelting Complex, Using Water Ecosystems Links.Ecology and Industry of Russia, 21(1), pp.30-35.